Do not precede Ramadan by fasting a day or two unless a man has a habitual fast, then let him fast it

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade Muslims from fasting a day or two ahead of Ramadan out of cautiousness for Ramadan, because the obligation of fasting Ramadan is based on sighting the crescent, and there is no need for affectation. However, if someone has a habitual fast, such as fasting every other day or fasting on Mondays or Thursdays, and it coincides with this time, then he may fast. This is not considered a part of anticipating Ramadan.

This also applies to obligatory fasts, such as making up for missed fasts or fulfilling a vow.